Доброй ночи!
Очень давно сюда не писал, а ведь получил промокод на тестирование новых виртуалок с NVME-дисками еще на конференции “Стачка” в апреле 2018 года. Тогда же я все и затестил, а потом просто забыл все опубликовать =) Теперь вот исправляю оплошность.
Панель управления
Тут все просто, нас встречает VMmanager в котором можно создавать инстансы и выбирать ОС из шаблонов или предустановленные окружения (Битрикс, Django и т.д.).
Выбранная мной машина стоит 379 рублей в месяц. За эту сумму нам дают 1 ядро, 1 гигабайт ОЗУ и 20 гигабайт NVME-диска на KVM. На нее я традиционно поставил CentOS.
Сведения о VM
CentOS 7.4
[root@testit ~]# uname -a Linux testit.ru 3.10.0-693.21.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Mar 7 19:03:37 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@testit ~]# cat /etc/centos-release CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
Виртуализация KVM
[root@testit ~]# inxi -b
System: Host: testit.ru Kernel: 3.10.0-693.21.1.el7.x86_64 x86_64 bits: 64 Console: tty 0
Distro: CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
Machine: Device: kvm System: Red Hat product: KVM v: RHEL 7.4.0 PC (i440FX + PIIX 1996) serial: N/A
Mobo: N/A model: N/A serial: N/A BIOS: SeaBIOS v: 1.10.2-3.el7_4.1 date: 04/01/2014
CPU: Single core QEMU Virtual version 2.5+ (-UP-) speed: 2394 MHz (max)
Graphics: Card: Cirrus Logic GD 5446
Display Server: N/A driver: cirrus tty size: 204x25 Advanced Data: N/A for root out of X
Network: Card: Red Hat Virtio network device driver: virtio-pci
Drives: HDD Total Size: 21.5GB (6.0% used)
Info: Processes: 74 Uptime: 5 min Memory: 133.3/992.3MB Init: systemd runlevel: 3
Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.3.56
CPU и ОЗУ
[root@testit ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 13 model name : QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ stepping : 3 microcode : 0x1 cpu MHz : 2394.374 cache size : 16384 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 1 core id : 0 cpu cores : 1 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx lm rep_good nopl xtopology pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm bogomips : 4788.74 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: [root@testit ~]# cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 1016076 kB MemFree: 596992 kB MemAvailable: 762532 kB Buffers: 2088 kB Cached: 283712 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 247940 kB Inactive: 99836 kB Active(anon): 62188 kB Inactive(anon): 6432 kB Active(file): 185752 kB Inactive(file): 93404 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 13384 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 62008 kB Mapped: 19732 kB Shmem: 6644 kB Slab: 38904 kB SReclaimable: 28336 kB SUnreclaim: 10568 kB KernelStack: 1360 kB PageTables: 3332 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 508036 kB Committed_AS: 237228 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 9948 kB VmallocChunk: 34359719676 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 10240 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 44912 kB DirectMap2M: 1003520 kB
Разметка диска
[root@testit ~]# df -HT Файловая система Тип Размер Использовано Дост Использовано% Cмонтировано в /dev/vda2 xfs 22G 1,2G 21G 6% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 510M 0 510M 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 521M 0 521M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 521M 6,9M 514M 2% /run tmpfs tmpfs 521M 0 521M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 ext4 252M 111M 124M 48% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 105M 0 105M 0% /run/user/0
PT Summary
[root@testit ~]# pt-summary
# Percona Toolkit System Summary Report ######################
Date | 2018-04-10 21:22:10 UTC (local TZ: MSK +0300)
Hostname | testit.ru
Uptime | 7 min, 1 user, load average: 0,43, 0,12, 0,04
System | Red Hat; KVM; vRHEL 7.4.0 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) (Other)
Service Tag | Not Specified
Platform | Linux
Release | CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
Kernel | 3.10.0-693.21.1.el7.x86_64
Architecture | CPU = 64-bit, OS = 64-bit
Threading | NPTL 2.17
SELinux | Disabled
Virtualized | VMWare
# Processor ##################################################
Processors | physical = 1, cores = 1, virtual = 1, hyperthreading = no
Speeds | 1x2394.374
Models | 1xQEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+
Caches | 1x16384 KB
# Memory #####################################################
Total | 992,3M
Free | 536,2M
Used | physical = 95,3M, swap allocated = 0,0, swap used = 0,0, virtual = 95,3M
Shared | 6,5M
Buffers | 360,8M
Caches | 737,6M
Dirty | 33908 kB
UsedRSS | 121,6M
Swappiness | 30
DirtyPolicy | 30, 10
DirtyStatus | 0, 0
Locator Size Speed Form Factor Type Type Detail
========= ======== ================= ============= ============= ===========
DIMM 0 1024 MB Unknown DIMM RAM Other
# Mounted Filesystems ########################################
Filesystem Size Used Type Opts Mountpoint
devtmpfs 486M 0% devtmpfs rw,nosuid,size=497236k,nr_inodes=124309,mode=755 /dev
/dev/vda1 240M 48% ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered /boot
/dev/vda2 20G 6% xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota /
tmpfs 100M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev /run/user/0
tmpfs 100M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,mode=755 /run/user/0
tmpfs 100M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=101608k,mode=700 /run/user/0
tmpfs 100M 0% tmpfs ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755 /run/user/0
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev /dev/shm
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,mode=755 /dev/shm
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=101608k,mode=700 /dev/shm
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755 /dev/shm
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,mode=755 /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=101608k,mode=700 /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 497M 0% tmpfs ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755 /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 497M 2% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev /run
tmpfs 497M 2% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,mode=755 /run
tmpfs 497M 2% tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=101608k,mode=700 /run
tmpfs 497M 2% tmpfs ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755 /run
# Disk Schedulers And Queue Size #############################
vda | 128
# Disk Partioning ############################################
Device Type Start End Size
============ ==== ========== ========== ==================
/dev/vda Disk 21474836480
/dev/vda1 Part 2048 526335 268434944
/dev/vda2 Part 526336 41943039 21205351936
# Kernel Inode State #########################################
dentry-state | 80120 69918 45 0 0 0
file-nr | 992 0 98137
inode-nr | 17831 293
# LVM Volumes ################################################
Unable to collect information
# LVM Volume Groups ##########################################
Unable to collect information
# RAID Controller ############################################
Controller | No RAID controller detected
# Network Config #############################################
Controller | Red Hat, Inc Virtio network device
FIN Timeout | 60
Port Range | 60999
# Interface Statistics #######################################
interface rx_bytes rx_packets rx_errors tx_bytes tx_packets tx_errors
========= ========= ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
lo 0 0 0 0 0 0
eth0 35000000 15000 0 1000000 12500 0
# Network Devices ############################################
Device Speed Duplex
========= ========= =========
eth0
# Top Processes ##############################################
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 125200 3596 2424 S 0,0 0,4 0:00.75 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
6 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.00 kworker/u2:0
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.00 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.07 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0,0 0,0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
# Notable Processes ##########################################
PID OOM COMMAND
818 -17 sshd
# Memory mamagement ##########################################
Transparent huge pages are enabled.
# The End ####################################################
Локаль и время тут уже настроены для российских пользователей.
[root@testit ~]# locale LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8 LC_CTYPE="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_NUMERIC="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_TIME="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_PAPER="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_NAME="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="ru_RU.UTF-8" LC_ALL=ru_RU.UTF-8 [root@testit ~]# date Ср апр 11 00:22:35 MSK 2018
Тесты
Пинг из Ульяновска
rail$ ping 62.109.7.182 PING 62.109.7.182 (62.109.7.182): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=0 ttl=53 time=21.618 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=21.818 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=23.299 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=3 ttl=53 time=22.876 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=4 ttl=53 time=21.654 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=5 ttl=53 time=21.047 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=6 ttl=53 time=21.677 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=7 ttl=53 time=20.948 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=8 ttl=53 time=20.960 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=9 ttl=53 time=21.799 ms 64 bytes from 62.109.7.182: icmp_seq=10 ttl=53 time=20.976 ms ^C --- 62.109.7.182 ping statistics --- 11 packets transmitted, 11 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 20.948/21.697/23.299/0.741 ms
DD
[root@testit ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=test bs=64k count=16k conv=fdatasync 16384+0 записей получено 16384+0 записей отправлено скопировано 1073741824 байта (1,1 GB), 3,07767 c, 349 MB/c [root@testit ~]# rm -f test [root@testit ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=test bs=64k count=16k conv=fdatasync 16384+0 записей получено 16384+0 записей отправлено скопировано 1073741824 байта (1,1 GB), 1,66757 c, 644 MB/c [root@testit ~]# rm -f test [root@testit ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=test bs=64k count=16k conv=fdatasync 16384+0 записей получено 16384+0 записей отправлено скопировано 1073741824 байта (1,1 GB), 1,76471 c, 608 MB/c [root@testit ~]# rm -f test
Sysbench тест CPU
[root@testit ~]# sysbench --test=cpu --cpu-max-prime=20000 --num-threads=1 run
WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.
sysbench 1.0.14 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta2)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time
Prime numbers limit: 20000
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
CPU speed:
events per second: 362.59
General statistics:
total time: 10.0008s
total number of events: 3627
Latency (ms):
min: 2.61
avg: 2.76
max: 5.65
95th percentile: 2.86
sum: 9997.20
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 3627.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 9.9972/0.00
[root@testit ~]# sysbench --test=mutex --num-threads=64 run
WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.
WARNING: --num-threads is deprecated, use --threads instead
sysbench 1.0.14 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta2)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 64
Initializing random number generator from current time
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
General statistics:
total time: 12.0053s
total number of events: 64
Latency (ms):
min: 10655.84
avg: 11445.40
max: 11969.88
95th percentile: 11946.04
sum: 732505.41
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 1.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 11.4454/0.32
Sysbench тест ОЗУ
[root@testit ~]# sysbench --test=memory --num-threads=4 --memory-total-size=1G run
WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.
WARNING: --num-threads is deprecated, use --threads instead
sysbench 1.0.14 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta2)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 4
Initializing random number generator from current time
Running memory speed test with the following options:
block size: 1KiB
total size: 1024MiB
operation: write
scope: global
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
Total operations: 1048576 (3115822.43 per second)
1024.00 MiB transferred (3042.80 MiB/sec)
General statistics:
total time: 0.3344s
total number of events: 1048576
Latency (ms):
min: 0.00
avg: 0.00
max: 44.01
95th percentile: 0.00
sum: 328.22
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 262144.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 0.0821/0.05
Sysbench тест диска
[root@testit ~]# sysbench --test=fileio --file-total-size=2G prepare
WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.
sysbench 1.0.14 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta2)
128 files, 16384Kb each, 2048Mb total
Creating files for the test...
Extra file open flags: (none)
Creating file test_file.0
...
Creating file test_file.127
2147483648 bytes written in 7.58 seconds (270.13 MiB/sec).
[root@testit ~]# sysbench --test=fileio --file-total-size=2G --file-test-mode=rndrw --max-time=300 --max-requests=0 run
WARNING: the --test option is deprecated. You can pass a script name or path on the command line without any options.
WARNING: --max-time is deprecated, use --time instead
sysbench 1.0.14 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta2)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time
Extra file open flags: (none)
128 files, 16MiB each
2GiB total file size
Block size 16KiB
Number of IO requests: 0
Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50
Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests.
Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.
Using synchronous I/O mode
Doing random r/w test
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
File operations:
reads/s: 3876.37
writes/s: 2584.25
fsyncs/s: 8269.34
Throughput:
read, MiB/s: 60.57
written, MiB/s: 40.38
General statistics:
total time: 300.0153s
total number of events: 4419249
Latency (ms):
min: 0.00
avg: 0.07
max: 292.42
95th percentile: 0.19
sum: 296209.83
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 4419249.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 296.2098/0.00
SpeedTest
[root@testit ~]# speedtest-cli Retrieving speedtest.net configuration... Testing from JSC ISPsystem (62.109.7.182)... Retrieving speedtest.net server list... Selecting best server based on ping... Hosted by Megafon (Moscow) [1.61 km]: 4.968 ms Testing download speed................................................................................ Download: 93.68 Mbit/s Testing upload speed.................................................................................................... Upload: 137.67 Mbit/s
7-zip benchmark
[root@testit ~]# 7za b
7-Zip (a) [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=ru_RU.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ (6D3),ASM)
QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ (6D3)
CPU Freq: 2459 2779 2785 2778 2768 2489 2761 2758 2752
RAM size: 992 MB, # CPU hardware threads: 1
RAM usage: 435 MB, # Benchmark threads: 1
Compressing | Decompressing
Dict Speed Usage R/U Rating | Speed Usage R/U Rating
KiB/s % MIPS MIPS | KiB/s % MIPS MIPS
22: 2887 100 2820 2809 | 31903 100 2718 2724
23: 2948 100 3015 3005 | 30910 100 2680 2676
24: 2628 100 2830 2827 | 30390 100 2667 2668
25: 2422 100 2771 2765 | 29553 100 2633 2630
---------------------------------- | ------------------------------
Avr: 100 2859 2851 | 100 2674 2674
Tot: 100 2767 2763
Битрикс-попугаи
Выводы
Хороший сервис за свои деньги. Виртуалки довольно быстро работают и ими приятно пользоваться.